Best Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Doctors in Kolkata

Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a severe medical condition characterised by bleeding between the brain and the thin membranes enveloping it, known as the subarachnoid space. This critical condition is primarily caused by a ruptured brain aneurysm, which contributes to approximately 80% of these cases. Secondary causes include head injuries and arteriovenous malformations. If not managed in a timely fashion, the condition can lead to severe complications and even prove life-threatening.

Kolkata, the cultural capital of India, has witnessed a rise in cases related to SAH over the years. Despite this, with the best doctors for subarachnoid haemorrhage treatment and specialised neurosurgeons available in the city's leading healthcare institutions like Apollo Hospitals, patients have access to comprehensive care for this condition.

Types/Stages of Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

The two significant types of SAH based on histopathology include:

• Saccular Aneurysm: This manifests as a pouch-like protrusion from a vascular bifurcation or vessel side, often irregular in shape.

• Fusiform Aneurysm: This is identified as a dilated pathological increase in vessel calibre that does not form a separate saccular pouch.

Symptoms of Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

Symptoms associated with SAH often manifest suddenly and may include:

• A sudden, intense 'thunderclap' headache

• Nausea and vomiting

• Diminished consciousness and alertness

• Neck stiffness

• Seizures

• Sensitivity to light

• Double vision

• Confusion and difficulty concentrating

Tests to Diagnose Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

Several tests are employed by subarachnoid haemorrhage specialists to diagnose SAH, including:

• Neurological Examination: Doctors check for signs of meningeal irritation, focal neurological deficits, and the patient's level of consciousness.

• History and Physical Examination: It involves gathering detailed information about symptoms, risk factors (like hypertension or family history of aneurysms), and medications used.

• Urgent Non-contrast Computed Tomography (CT) Scan of the Head: This is a primary test that helps locate the source of bleeding.

• Lumbar Puncture: If the CT scan results are negative but clinical suspicion remains high, a lumbar puncture is conducted to check for blood in the cerebrospinal fluid.

• CT Angiography or Digital Subtraction Angiography: These imaging techniques help identify the bleeding source.

Treatment or Surgery Options for Subarachnoid Haemorrhage at Apollo Hospitals Kolkata

The best doctors treating subarachnoid haemorrhage at Apollo Hospitals Kolkata offer a range of treatment and surgical options for SAH:

• Medications: These help control blood pressure and prevent vasospasm, a complication associated with SAH.

• Endovascular Coiling or Surgical Clipping: These procedures aim to secure the ruptured aneurysm, thereby preventing further bleeding.

• Drainage of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood: This helps relieve intracranial pressure, an effect of SAH.

• Intensive Care Monitoring and Supportive Care: This treatment approach is critical to managing complications and improving patient outcomes.