Best Multiple myeloma Doctors in Kolkata

Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer that primarily affects the plasma cells present in the bone marrow. These cells are fundamental to the immune system as they produce antibodies that ward off infections. In multiple myeloma, an excess of abnormal plasma cells form tumours in various locations throughout the bone marrow, leading to a significant reduction in the production of normal blood cells. The causes of multiple myeloma are still up for research, though it is believed to be related to the abnormal buildup of a protein called alpha-synuclein.

In the city of Kolkata, the incidence of multiple myeloma amongst its residents is on the rise. However, residents of Kolkata can find solace in the world-class caregivers at Apollo Hospitals offer top-notch services in diagnosing and treating this condition. With some of the best doctors for treating multiple myeloma and specialists on their team, patients can be assured they are receiving quality care.

Stages of Multiple Myeloma

Multiple myeloma can be broadly classified into two stages:

• Early-Stage Multiple Myeloma: Often asymptomatic, this form is usually discovered during routine blood tests or while diagnosing a different condition.

• Advanced-Stage Multiple Myeloma: Symptoms become evident in this stage and may include bone pain, anaemia, and frequent infections.

Symptoms of Multiple Myeloma

Multiple Myeloma often presents with many symptoms such as:

• Bone pain or fractures unrelated to any injury

• Anaemia and persistent fatigue

• Abdominal discomfort

• Edema often seen as swollen ankles

• Frequent or prolonged infections

Tests to Diagnose Multiple Myeloma

The following tests might be recommended by the specialists and doctors who treat multiple myeloma to provide a diagnosis:

• Complete Blood Count (CBC): This test measures the levels of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, with abnormalities potentially indicating the presence of multiple myeloma.

• Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPEP): This test detects abnormal monoclonal proteins (M proteins) in the blood, which are produced by myeloma cells.

• Bone Marrow Biopsy and Aspiration: A sample of bone marrow is examined under a microscope to identify and confirm the presence of myeloma cells.

• Urine Protein Electrophoresis (UPEP): This test identifies Bence Jones proteins in the urine, which are indicative of multiple myeloma.

• X-rays: X-rays of the bones are used to detect lesions, fractures, or other bone abnormalities caused by multiple myeloma.

Treatment or Surgery Options for Multiple Myeloma at Apollo Hospitals Kolkata

At Apollo Hospitals Kolkata, a patient-centric approach is adopted to treat multiple myeloma. A personalised plan based on the stage doctors and specialists for multiple myeloma treatment provides treatment plans based on the stage of the disease and the patient's individual needs. The options include:

• Chemotherapy: This involves using drugs to kill cancer cells, and is often the first line of treatment.

• Stem Cell Transplant: This involves high doses of chemotherapy followed by a transplant of healthy stem cells.

• Targeted Therapy: This approach targets specific proteins or genes involved in the growth and spread of cancer cells.

• Immunotherapy: This treatment harnesses the body's immune system to fight against the cancer cells.

• Radiotherapy: High-energy radiations are used in this process to kill cancer cells.